A knowledge base distilled from 20 books

Relational databases, understood.

Relational theory, data modeling, SQL, transactions, indexes, query planning, storage internals, and production reliability — vendor-neutral at the core, grounded in PostgreSQL and compared across major SQL dialects.

Browse topicsExplore the graphor press ⌘K to search
Domains
12
Topics
110
Graph edges
193
Relational FoundationsThe mathematical model beneath relational databases, and the places where SQL deliberately differs from it.8 topics · 3 cornerstoneData Modeling & Schema DesignTurning requirements into durable schemas through dependencies, normalization, deliberate trade-offs, and proven modeling patterns.10 topics · 3 cornerstoneSQL QueryingThe core language for deriving and changing relational data, from logical evaluation through joins, aggregation, and writes.10 topics · 3 cornerstoneAdvanced SQLComposable techniques for recursion, analytics, per-row derivation, multidimensional aggregation, and temporal questions.9 topics · 3 cornerstoneTypes, Constraints & Database ObjectsMaking meaning and integrity explicit with data types, constraints, views, generated values, and database-side behavior.9 topics · 3 cornerstoneTransactions & ConcurrencyReasoning about correctness when work overlaps: isolation, locking, MVCC, deadlocks, retries, and application boundaries.10 topics · 3 cornerstoneIndexes & Query PerformanceHow access paths, statistics, query shape, algorithms, and measurement combine to make database work fast and predictable.11 topics · 3 cornerstoneStorage, Execution & Recovery InternalsThe machinery beneath SQL: pages, buffers, logging, recovery, execution pipelines, physical layouts, and reclamation.9 topics · 3 cornerstoneApplication Integration & Schema EvolutionDesigning safe, efficient database interactions across connections, queries, transactions, abstractions, and production schema changes.9 topics · 3 cornerstoneOperations, Security & ReliabilityProtecting data and keeping it available through access control, recovery, observability, lifecycle management, replication, and failover.10 topics · 3 cornerstoneSQL Dialects & PortabilitySeparating the portable SQL core from consequential product differences in names, types, expressions, DML, and transactions.7 topics · 3 cornerstonePostgreSQL in PracticeA concrete PostgreSQL case study spanning architecture, types, MVCC, maintenance, indexes, planning, recovery, and diagnostics.8 topics · 3 cornerstone

Distilled from

  • Database System Concepts (7th ed.)Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
  • SQL and Relational Theory (3rd ed.)C.J. Date
  • SQL Antipatterns: Avoiding the Pitfalls of Database ProgrammingBill Karwin
  • SQL Performance ExplainedMarkus Winand
  • PostgreSQL 14 InternalsEgor Rogov
  • Database Internals: A Deep Dive into How Distributed Data Systems WorkAlex Petrov
  • Designing Data-Intensive Applications (2nd ed.)Martin Kleppmann, Chris Riccomini
  • Database Reliability EngineeringLaine Campbell, Charity Majors
  • PostgreSQL 18 DocumentationThe PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  • MySQL 8.4 Reference ManualOracle Corporation
  • SQLite DocumentationSQLite Development Team
  • SQL Server 2025 DocumentationMicrosoft
  • Oracle AI Database 26ai DocumentationOracle Corporation
  • ISO/IEC 9075-2:2023 — Database Languages SQL — SQL/FoundationISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32
  • CMU 15-445/645: Intro to Database SystemsAndy Pavlo, Jignesh Patel
  • A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data BanksE.F. Codd
  • Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management SystemPatricia G. Selinger, Morton M. Astrahan, Donald D. Chamberlin, Raymond A. Lorie, Thomas G. Price
  • A Critique of ANSI SQL Isolation LevelsHal Berenson, Philip A. Bernstein, Jim Gray, Jim Melton, Elizabeth J. O'Neil, Patrick E. O'Neil
  • ARIES: A Transaction Recovery Method Supporting Fine-Granularity Locking and Partial Rollbacks Using Write-Ahead LoggingC. Mohan, Don Haderle, Bruce Lindsay, Hamid Pirahesh, Peter Schwarz
  • Serializable Snapshot Isolation in PostgreSQLDan R.K. Ports, Kevin Grittner