java.util.concurrent · java.base · since Java 1.5

ExecutorService

declaration

public interface ExecutorService extends Executor, AutoCloseable

Task-execution service: submit Callables/Runnables, get Futures back, and shut down cleanly. The abstraction that separates what runs from how it runs (EJ 80).

Key methods

`<T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task)`	Run and get a result handle.
`<T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<Callable<T>>)`	Run all, wait for all.
`void shutdown() / List<Runnable> shutdownNow()`	Graceful stop-accepting / interrupt-and-drain.
`boolean awaitTermination(long, TimeUnit)`	Wait for in-flight tasks after shutdown.
`void close()`	AutoCloseable (Java 19): shutdown + await — try-with-resources pools.